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"Where were you when I laid the foundation of the earth?" Job, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Blaise Pascal, Friedrich Nietzsche. - The Question of Human Being as an Answer to it
Lentvorský, Marek ; Novák, Aleš (advisor) ; Pinc, Zdeněk (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of the question of the essence of man in the historical1 cross-section from "biblical" times, through the Renaissance to Nietzsche, in conjunction with the interpretation of Nietzsche's relationship to the Old Testament and possible interpretations Nietzsche's Zarathustra. I based this theiss on the question that the God asks Job about his questions, so on the counter-question: "Where were you when I laid the foundations of the earth?"2 At the beginning, I try to define the question and understand what the question is and what it means to us; later, after taking into account the question, I try to apply the question to variations of Job, Mirandola, Nietzsche. Key words Nietzsche, Job, Mirandola, Pascal, Bible, Old Testament, Question, Essence, Man 1 Nie je mi známe, že v angličtine existuje možnosť rozlišovať dejiny a históriu, tak, ako je to možné u nás, alebo v nemecky hovoriacom prostredí (viz die Geschichte/die Historie). 2 Job 38,4.
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THEOLOGY OF MAGIC - Magic as (yet) unreflected part of the theology of earthly reality
PLOS, Michal
To open a different perspective on the still-discussed difference between Christian religion and magic is the task of this work. In order to reach the end successfully, that is, the fourth part of this thesis, which deals with the principle of sanctity in the Catholic Church, it was necessary to first develop the following three blocks. 1) Religious-anthropological analysis of magic ? in this part we summarize basic anthropological views on magic according to the individual researchers J.G. Frazer, E.B. Taylor, R.R. Marett, B. Malinowski, and E. de Martino. The subject of this section was the analysis of animism and the inner power of creation. 2) Magic as a part of religion ? in which we analysed the content of the concept of magic, the area where it came from, and how it was perceived in the environment of the Mediterranean European culture of ancient Rome, and how magic was discredited in the ancient "pagan" and Christian environment. 3) The interest of the sages in the phenomenon of magic ? has created a space for the issue of the magic of "barbaric" tribes, whose faith traditions have become a legitimate part of the Catholic faith. This section has also developed a "story of overly" peculiar magic adepts of the "restored" Renaissance Platonic Academy, in which M. Ficino and P. della Mirandola worked. We paid more attention to their life stories and work, for they themselves stood at the birth of an "institutional" association in the area of a sort of "applied" magism in the form of esoteric neoplatonism, hermetism, and theururgy. At this point we also found the historical model of the later Czech hermetic society Universalia, which we mentioned at the end of the work. 4) Ex opere operato et ex opere operantis ? it represents the peak of our work, opening a whole new discussion in the critique of magic and religion. Magic and Christian religion have a common root, they co-exist side by side, complement each other, and even blend in some areas of universal piety as conditions of one and the same Catholic faith.
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